Microsoft vs Foss Essay Example

Microsoft versus Foss Essay Microsoft’s Foss Patent Infringement Holly Stark ITT Technical IT 302 Abstract This paper takes an inside and out gander at the cases from Microsoft that FOSS (Free and Open Source Software) submitted patent encroachment in 2006. It additionally examines how the occasions have affected FOSS, regardless of whether adversely or emphatically and how the activities have changed both since 2006. Microsoft’s Foss Patent Infringement Free programming is awesome and corporate America appears to adore it. Its frequently top notch stuff that can be downloaded free off the Internet and afterward duplicated voluntarily. Its adaptable it tends to be tweaked to perform practically any huge scope figuring assignment and best of all its accident safe. The greater part the organizations in the Fortune 500 are believed to utilize the free working framework Linux in their server farms. In 2006, Microsoft cast a shadow over Free and Open Source Software by claiming that they had disregarded 235 licenses, for example, the Linux piece, Samba, OpenOffice. organization and others. Foss’s lawful agent Eben Moglen battled that product is a numerical calculation and, accordingly, not patentable. Parloff, R. 2007) But what of Microsoft’s claims? Is it true that they are substantial? In any case, first to answer that you have to comprehend what a patent truly is. A patent is basically a constrained restraining infrastructure whereby the patent holder is allowed the restrictive option to make, use, and sell the licensed development for a constrained timeframe. Conceding selective rights to the innovator is planned to energize the venture of time and assets into the improvement of new and helpful disclosures. When the term of insurance has finished, the protected development enters the open area. We will compose a custom paper test on Microsoft versus Foss explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Microsoft versus Foss explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Microsoft versus Foss explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The issue of the patentability of programming has gotten one of the most discussed issues with respect to open source programming. The Supreme Court expressed in a consistent sentiment that licenses have been given too promptly for as long as two decades, and parts are likely invalid. For an assortment of specialized reasons, numerous impartial spectators speculate that product licenses are particularly defenseless against court challenge. This decision works in FOSS’s favor. Licenses can be refuted in court on various grounds; others can without much of a stretch be concocted around. Still others may be legitimate, yet not encroached under the specific conditions. FOSS has some notable supporters working in its corner too. In 2005, six of them IBM (Charts, Fortune 500), Sony, Philips, Novell, Red Hat (Charts) and NEC set up the Open Invention Network (OIN) to obtain an arrangement of licenses that may present issues for organizations like Microsoft, which are known to represe nt a patent danger to Linux. So if Microsoft ever sued Linux merchant Red Hat for patent encroachment, for example, OIN may sue Microsoft in counter, attempting to urge dispersion of Windows. Parloff, R. 2007) A starter lawful investigation of FOSS licenses led implies that the novel authorizing model utilized by FOSS is legitimately substantial, a reality that loans generous credit to the development. Different signs concerning the sufficiency of the licenses are additionally reassuring; a decision in Germany that has perceived the legitimacy of the General Public License (GPL) ( J. Hoppner,2004), which further serves to pressure that FOSS is a worldwide wonder that is upsetting the whole field of programming improvement. Microsoft understood that something needed to change with regards to licenses. They fundamentally had three options. They could sit idle, it could begin suing different organizations to prevent them from utilizing its licenses, or, they could start permitting its licenses to different organizations in return for either eminences or access to their licenses (a cross-authorizing bargain). They decided to do the last mentioned. In December 2003, Microsofts new permitting unit really got started, and soon the organization had marked cross-authorizing settlements with such tech firms as Sun, Toshiba, SAP and Siemens. On November 2, 2006, Microsoft opened up to the world and reported an association with Novell to team up to help Microsofts Windows, a restrictive working framework, work with Novells Suse Linux, which depends on open-source code. What's more, the product creators struck an arrangement on licenses intended to give clients significant serenity about utilizing Novells open-source items. This organization made Novell the main organization in the business that had the option to furnish the client with the code to run Linux, yet in addition with a patent agreement from Microsoft. Evers, Joris 2006) Some idea that it indicated that Microsoft was somewhat being compelled to consider Linux to be a huge contender and the FOSS model as a feasible plan of action. (Upfold, Peter 2006) My closely-held conviction is this was an assault on the open source network. Microsoft hasn’t really changed its tune; it’s still effectively assaulting free programming and attempting to cancel GNU/ Linux while advancing Windows and other exclusive programming like they are correlative to free programming, which they are most certainly not. It’s PR hogwash and Microsoft is acceptable at PR. From that point forward, Novell was sold in 2010 to Attachmate Corp. what's more, a simultaneous offer of certain licensed innovation resources was offered to CPTN Holdings LLC, a consortium of innovation organizations sorted out by Microsoft Corporation. It plays directly under the control of Microsoft’s PR battle, which takes a stab at a combination where Microsoft controls the two sides of the opposition and afterward wrecks the side which is less positive for Microsoft. Microsoft has done that again and again for a long time and casualties incorporate goliaths like IBM and Apple. While FOSS licenses for the most part secure end client opportunity in the domain of copyright, they have no compelling insurance against dangers from programming licenses, particularly from elements outside the FOSS people group. In reacting to the danger from programming patent holders, the FOSS people group has made creative permitting plans. ( Davidson, S. J 2006) Permissive licenses, for example, the Apache licenses, have diverse patent rights conditions from complementary licenses, for example, the MPL and GPL. In managing expected patent cases, GPL 2. has a â€Å"Freedom or Death† end statement †â€Å"any patent must be authorized for everyones free use or not authorized by any means. † GPL 2. 0 doesn't permit the improvement of programming that requires any sort of permit installments for outsider licenses. (Programmer. J. n. d. ) GPL 3. 0 was drafted to adapt to worldwide programming patent dangers and to give similarity more non-GPL FOSS licenses. The cur rent GPL draft 3. 0 keeps GPL 2. 0’s copyleft highlight and incorporates new arrangements tending to advancing registering issues, for example, patent issues, free programming permit similarity, and computerized rights the board (â€Å"DRM†). McMillan, R 2007) As of today, Microsoft is as yet assaulting free programming with two sorts of strategies. The strategies to a great extent incorporate prosecution and the utilization of alleged Fear-Uncertainty-Doubt (FUD) strategies intended to sabotage the well known impression of the open source theory. This year alone they have won a few cases either inside and out, in claim or countersuits against Motorola’s Android highlights. The remainder of the FOSS people group is by all accounts tense and standing by to perceive what occurs straightaway.

Choosing a Cheap Paper Writing Service

Choosing a Cheap Paper Writing ServiceThere are lots of advantages to hiring a cheap paper writing service. These days, even those who have offices that are well maintained are finding it hard to stay afloat financially. The rise in both medical and prescription costs is forcing more people to go to the doctor's or the pharmacy more often, and many people find themselves turning to lower-cost alternatives.Fortunately, there are services that cater to these clients. These services can take care of the writing needs of clients, such as writing a letter, or a billing or administrative form, or even a dissertation or thesis. Most of these services provide the same high-quality services they would give to any other client, but there are a few things you should be aware of before you decide on a company to provide your document writing needs.The first thing you need to do when choosing a service is to ask about the qualifications of the individual or persons who will be doing the work for you. Find out if they are licensed, and whether they are trained in writing. Some may even be members of some professional organizations. Other qualities to look for include whether the writers have handled letters for years, have experience with medical billing, and if they have experience with publishing the document in an academic journal.Next, you need to find out how long the company has been around, and whether or not they have experience in this type of service. This will help you choose a company that is still going strong in the business. If they have only recently started doing work, you can assume that they may not be as experienced as they seem, and this may be something you should be wary of. Be sure to find out if the company can provide a full year's worth of work at a low price.As you search for a company to do your work for you, ask if they offer a guarantee and find out if they offer a guarantee on their service, and also ask if they offer a high-quality product. T his way, you can know you will be working with a professional company. It is always better to hire someone you know to do your job for you, then a new company who is just starting up. You never know how the quality of the product they use may change.If you have your own office space, try to find out how much the company would charge to set up their service, and the cost of running it from then on. This will allow you to compare prices, so you will be able to determine which company is the best. You can also ask about their insurance packages and find out if they offer on-site emergency and cleaning services.Ask to see examples of work that the company has done in the past. This way, you can see if the quality of their work can match the quality of your project. You can also see if the clients return to get their documents to you and see if the company can make that happen.As you compare prices, fees, and services, it will be easy to compare and contrast prices from different compani es that offer cheap paper writing service. When you compare them all, you will be able to determine which company is the most appropriate for your project. You will also be able to see how the company has performed for other clients.

Managerial Finance in a Health Spa Resort Assignment

Administrative Finance in a Health Spa Resort - Assignment Example Notwithstanding approaching rivalry, the organization has chosen to patch up its activities and in this regard plan an appropriate system, considering the heightening interest for the administrations gave by the Health and Beauty part in the relaxation business, with the point of continuing development and reinforcing its piece of the overall industry. â€Å"The strategy an organization uses to extend its business is to a great extent dependent upon its budgetary circumstance, the opposition and even government guideline. Some basic development systems in business incorporate market entrance, advertise extension, item development, expansion and acquisition†. (Suttle, R., 2012) The accompanying significant issues have been recognized, regarding the methodologies to be developed, during the conversations at board level. Better advertising and cost decrease activities couldn't improve productivity significantly as the organization in these cases can't push past specific cutoff points. Bringing down the obligation level, so the organization can furrow back the benefits created for venture, isn't steady with the goals of development and expanding piece of the overall industry, which calls for new speculation. The organization needs to consider new techniques to improve productivity and piece of the overall industry. It is in this setting, the accompanying procedures have been advanced for thought after conversation between the board and the supervisory crew. This paper looks to investigate the above procedures and prompt the organization with respect to the points of interest and basic issues identified with the systems set forward and the methodology most appropriate for the organization for accomplishing its destinations of development and increment in piece of the pie over the long haul. It is proposed to procure the advantages of the organization New You. Smith, H.T.J. and Moraitis, T. (2009, p.86) state â€Å"The customary rationale of a procurement depends on between resources cooperative energies that are required to emerge when the consolidated associations can bolster exercises more proï ¬ tably in mix than they could separately.† New You is a significant player inâ the industry with a piece of the overall industry of 28% as given in Exhibit 1.â

An Analysis of Imagery and Setting in Robert Frosts Home Burial - Literature Essay Samples

Robert Frost is considered one of the greatest American poets of the 20th century. His writings have been lauded for their pastoral imagery, emotional depth, and their masterful use of America colloquialism. Frosts poem, Home Burial, is an exquisite combination of these elements, exploring the depths of emotional suffering and its effect on marriage. The poem is framed in the form of a deeply emotional dialogue between husband and wife over the coldness of their marriage in the wake of the death of their young son. Home Burial is Robert Frosts semi-autobiographical retelling of his youngest sons death and the affect this tragic event had on his own marriage. Robert Frosts poem, Home Burial, uses the setting and exquisite imagery in order to develop the relationship between Amy and the husband. The poem Home Burial takes place in the rural New England country side. The setting is an important part of understanding the poem, as the New England tradition of home burial takes a prominent role in the poems story. Back in the 1800s, it was common for deceased family members to be buried near the family home. Since homes usually stayed within the family, small cemeteries spanning several generations were a common sight. At the very beginning of Home Burial, Amy is looking outside of the window, seeing the small family graveyard that lies on the outskirts of the house. Her unnamed husband describes this small plot of land as, â€Å"the place where my people can be found†, confirming that this is indeed a family cemetery. Amy is very much distraught by the sight of the graveyard, while her husband is more comfortable with the idea. As she looks at the graves with a terror stricken face, Amys husband tells her, â€Å"Broad shouldered little slabs there in the sunlight on the hill side. We havent to mind those.† The way the husband speaks about the graves tells the reader of the husbands familiarity with the sight of the tombstones, and how its a normal sight for him. This may imply that Amy is actually a foreigner, and thus it may be disturbing to her to have a constant reminder of the dead. If she came from the city, this would explain why Amy finds burying her own child to be a disturbing event (Burns 11). This implies that Amy is not very used to the New England tradition of home burial. When Home Burial was written in 1914, child mortality rates were extremely high. It was common for children under the age of five years old to die due to disease. The poem presented a very real fear to the early 20th century reader, that they may indeed have to bury their young child. The poems setting gives the reader insight into how the different characters in the poem experience their loss. The husband had already seen three generations of family buried in the same plot he had buried his child, so the reader can surmise that he is intimately familiar with death. Amy on the other hand is mortified by the constant reminder of the graves. The New England setting of the poem helps to make apparent the differences between the two characters, which sets the conflict in the rest of the work. This parallels Robert Frosts own experience when he had to bury his youngest child Elliot at the age of eight years old. It is likely that Frost himself employed home burial, as his family lived in rural New England. This experience would bring significant strain to him and his wifes marriage, inspiring the events of Home Burial. Home Burial uses strong imagery to show the tension between Amy and her husband. The poem is told in the form of a conversation between the husband and wife. As such, Frosts description of the characters actions, feelings, and movements helps give the reader an insight into the characters beliefs, thoughts, and the nature of their relationship. Both characters are suffering from the loss of their young son, but how they grieve differently is the main cause of the conflict between them. The characters action are full of meaning; from how the husband buries his son, Amys reactions to her husband, and the graveyard imagery used. At the beginning of the poem, when the husband notices Amy looking out through the window, he asks, â€Å"What is it you see?† The poem then describes the husband begin mounting up the stairs as Amy cowers. This gives the reader insight into the relationship between the husband and wife. He is shown as the oppressor, and she as the oppressed (Little 111). The husband completely overpowers and subdues his wife, telling Amy to declare what she sees, instead of phrasing it in the form of a question. â€Å"I will find out now, you must tell me dear,† the husband declares as he makes his way up the stairs. When he realizes that Amy is looking out at the mound, Amy pleads with the husband to stop. The husbands powerful posturing, such as putting his knuckles to his chin, betray his true feelings. He himself is suffering greatly from the loss of his child, saying â€Å"Let me into your grief. I’m not so much unlike other folks as your standing there apart would make me out.† The husbands aggressive body language and angry demeanor is simply how he expresses his grief. Amy on the other hand grieves very differently. The image of the husband burying their dead child weighs heavily on Amys mind. The reader is given insight into this through her description of how she sees the burial happen. â€Å"I saw you from that very window there, Making the gravel leap and leap in air, Leap up, like that, like that, and land so lightly And roll back down the mound beside the hole. I thought, Who is that man? I didn’t know you.† To Amy the husband buried their child with little to no feeling. He does the act in a matter of fact fashion, which to Amy seems almost inhuman. His words after the burial only serve to condemn him further in her mind, â€Å"Three foggy mornings and one rainy day will rot the best birch fence that a man can build.† While the husband is speaking metaphorically about how time (the rain) destroys all of mans accomplishments (his son), Amy takes him to be speaking literally about a fence. This infuriates her, as she feels as though the husband doesnt care about the death of their son. What she doesnt understand is that he is grieving in his own way. This inability to understand each other is what drives the conflict between the two characters (Faggen 128). In summation, the poem Home Burial uses the setting and imagery in order to develop the relationship between Amy and the husband. The rural New England setting is important, because the tradition of home burial is what initially exposes the differences between Amy and the husband. Amy is implied to be a foreigner, and thus she is not as intimately familiar with death as her husband. This difference is one of the reasons that the characters are unable to acknowledge the others form of grieving. Frosts descriptions of the husband gives the reader insight into how he grieves. Unlike Amy, the husband does not overly exhibit emotion or talk about his pain. His pain is shown through his anger and physically imposing demeanor. The inability to understand each other is the main failure in their relationship. Robert Frost does an amazing job of bringing the reader into the intimate lives of these two characters through good use of setting and exquisite use of imagery. Works Cited Burns, Allen. The Thematic Guide to American Poetry. Greenwood Press, 2002. 90-94. Print. Faggen, Robert. Robert Frost:The Challenge of Darwin. University of Michigan Press, 1997. 215-245. Print. Little, Michael. How to Write: About Robert Frost. Blooms Literary Criticism, 2010. 100- 114. Print.

What Is the Definition of Shape in Art

In the study of art, a shape is an enclosed space, a bounded two-dimensional form that has both length and width. Shapes are one of the seven elements of art, the building blocks that artists use to create images on canvas and in our minds. A shapes boundaries are defined by other elements of art such as lines, values, colors, and textures; and by adding value you can turn a shape into an illusion of its three-dimensional cousin, form. As an artist or someone who appreciates art, its important to fully understand how shapes are used. What Makes It a Shape? Shapes are everywhere and all objects have shape. When painting or drawing, you create a shape in two dimensions: length and width. You can add value to give it highlights and shadows, making it look more three-dimensional. However, it is not until form and shape meet, such as in sculpture, that a shape becomes truly three-dimensional. That is because form  is defined by including a third dimension, depth, to the two flat dimensions. Abstract art is the most obvious example of the use of shape, but the element of shape, organic and geometric alike, is central to much if not most artwork. What Creates a Shape? At its most basic, a shape is created when a line is enclosed: a line forms the boundary, and the shape is the form circumscribed by that boundary. Line and shape are two elements in art that are nearly always used together. Three lines are used to create a triangle while four lines can make a square. Shapes can also be defined by the artist using value, color, or texture to differentiate them. Shapes might include a line in order to achieve this, or it might not: for example, shapes created with collages are defined by the edges of contrasting material. Geometric Shapes Geometric shapes are those that are defined in mathematics and have common names. They have clear edges  or boundaries and artists often use tools such as protractors and compasses to create them, to make them mathematically precise. Shapes in this category include circles, squares, rectangles, triangles, polygons, and so forth. Canvases are typically rectangular in shape, implicitly defining the clear edges and boundaries of a painting or photograph. Artists such as Reva Urban purposefully break out of the rectangular mold by using non-rectangular canvases or by adding on pieces that protrude out of the frames or by adding three-dimensional swells, dips, and protrusions. In this manner, Urban moves beyond the two-dimensionality of a rectangular confinement but still references the shapes. Geometric abstract art such as Piet Mondrians Composition II in Red, Blue, and Yellow (1930) and Theo van Doesburgs Composition XI (1918) established the De Stijl movement in the Netherlands. American Sarah Morriss Apple (2001) and street artist Maya Hayuks work are more recent examples of paintings including geometric shapes. Organic Shapes While geometric shapes are well-defined, biomorphic or organic shapes are just the opposite. Draw a curving, semi-circular line and connect it where you began and you have an amoeba-like organic, or freeform, shape.   Organic shapes are individual creations of the artists: they have no names, no defined angles, no standards, and no tools that support their creation. They can often be found in nature, where organic shapes can be as amorphous as a cloud or as precise as a leaf.   Organic shapes are often used by photographers, such as Edward Weston in his remarkably sensual image Pepper No. 30 (1930); and by artists such Georgia OKeeffe in her  Cows Skull: Red, White, and Blue (1931). Organic abstract artists include Wassily Kandinsky, Jean Arp, and Joan Miro. Positive and Negative Space Shape can also work with the element space to create positive and negative spaces. Space is another of the seven elements, and in some abstract art, it defines shapes. For instance, if you draw a solid black coffee cup on white paper, the black is your positive space. The white negative space around it and between the handle and the cup helps define the basic shape of that cup. Negative and positive spaces were used with great imagination by M.C. Escher, in examples such as Sky and Water 1 (1938), in which dark images of a flying goose evolve through progressively lighter and then darker steps into dark swimming fish. Malaysian artist and illustrator Tang Yau Hoong uses negative space to make political commentary on cityscapes, and modern and ancient tattoo artists use positive and negative spaces combining ink and un-tattooed flesh. Seeing Shape Within Objects In the first stages of drawing, artists will often break their subjects down into geometric shapes. This is intended to give them a basis on which to create the larger object with more details and in correct proportion.   For example, when drawing a portrait of a wolf, an artist might begin with basic geometric shapes to define the animals ears, snout, eyes, and head. This forms the basic structure from which he will create the final work of art. Leonardo da Vincis Vitruvian Man (1490) used geometric shapes of circles and squares to define and comment on the anatomy of a human male. Cubism and Shapes As an acute observer, you can break any object down to its basic shape: Everything is made up of a series of base shapes. Exploring the work of the Cubist painters is a great way to see how artists play with this elementary concept in art. Cubist paintings such as Pablo Picassos Les Desmoiselles dAvignon (1907) and Marcel Duchamps  Nude Descending a Staircase No. 3 (1912) use geometric shapes as playful and haunting references to the organic shapes of the human body. Sources and Further Reading Beck, Paula D. Fourth-Grade Students’ Subjective Interactions with the Seven Elements of Art: An Exploratory Case Study Using Q-Methodology. Long Island University, 2014. Print.Davidson, Abraham A. Cubism and the Early American Modernist. Art Journal 26.2 (1966): 122-65. Print.Kelehear, Zach. Pass the Crayons: Leadership, Art Production, and Communities of Practice. International Journal of Education Policy Leadership 5.10 (2010). Print.Pasko, Galina, et al. Ascending in Space Dimensions: Digital Crafting of M.C. Eschers Graphic Art. Leonardo 44.5 (2011): 411-16. Print.Silk, Gerald. In and out of Shape: The Art of Reva Urban. Womans Art Journal 34.2 (2013): 21-28. Print.Stiny, George, and James Gips. Shape Grammars and the Generative Specification of Painting and Sculpture. The Best Computer Papers of 1971. Ed. Petrocelli, O.R. Philadelphia: Auerbach, 1971. 125-35. Print.

Technology And Technology Essay - 1014 Words

Technology is always advancing, and is used almost everywhere. Society uses it in their jobs, homes, and everyday life. Recently the use of electronics has also made an immense impact on the way people learn. In schools, students have the ability to use the internet for a mixture of thing including, reading, and finding information. Teachers can even post tests and homework online so the students do not miss anything when they are absent. The general public has different opinions on the use technology, and if it is a good tool for schooling. Some believe the use of the devices can help with creativity, and comprehension. Others believe that the internet lessens imagination, and will leave the pupils not understanding what they have read.†¦show more content†¦Wolpert (2009, para. 1) explains â€Å"As technology has played a bigger role in our lives, our skills in critical thinking and analysis have declined.† Now that technology is right at students fingertips, they ar e not forced to think deeply anymore, and will not read as fully as they need to. A university professor has explained that if the teachers dont help the kids slowdown and read deeply, they wont comprehend what they are reading (Simpson, 2016, para. 13). If students do not understand what they are reading, because they have not read deeply enough, it will not benefit their learning. â€Å"Wiring classrooms for internet access does not enhance learning† (Wolpert, 2009, para. 12). Another downside to technology is false information, and distraction. â€Å"With internet always at your fingertips, it is obvious that distractions can be made that will keep you from learning, and the information you receive may not be the most valuable either† (S, Skovira, personal communication, September14, 2017). Before the use of electronic devices, many people would read for pleasure, in recent years that has declined. Reading for pleasure allowed children to think more deeply and en hance the imagination in ways that technology can not (Wolpert, 2009, para. 3). Reading from online sources, and using the internet for information is not the only way technology has impacted learning. Many video games have also played aShow MoreRelatedTechnology And Technology Essay918 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology is being rapidly integrated into society. Despite this being the obvious route in our evolution, there are lots of people who are against the ‘commensalism’, of sorts. 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Technology is a privilege, but we are letting it destroy our lives; the more technology we have the less we actually socialize with people. It can be a great tool, but overuse holds us back from living our lives to the fullest. Sometimes we need to put technology aside, and allow ourselves to see how beautiful life really is. Everyone in today’s society has a cell phone. TheRead MoreTechnology And Technology Essay704 Words   |  3 PagesTechnology has made such an impact on society’s culture today. The opportunities with the web has opened many doors. It has allowed many businesses to grow. The internet has opened ways to connect to the latest information. This society is introduced to great aspects and a negative side with this invention. Technology affects a lot of people around the world. The comparison of differences arranges between safe internet use and unsafe internet use that operators can be oblivious of, but also proper

Equality for All free essay sample

Equality for All Illegal, unconstitutional, disgusting and sinful are only a few words people use to describe what I consider a personal right. Gay marriage has been a topic of discussion in the United States for the past couple years. Lately the subject has increased along with the arguments from both sides of the spectrum. I am a gay male and look forward to finding the man of my dreams and marrying him some day but this can only happen if the minds of certain individuals change along with the laws prohibiting it. Gay marriage should be legal throughout the country; it does not hurt anyone and can be beneficial for many. Some individuals label gay marriage as weakening the definition and respect of the institution of marriage. The issue I see with that statement is the definition they are referring to should not only be stereotyped to same sex couples but to all couples. We will write a custom essay sample on Equality for All or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There are a lot of marriages that end in divorce due to unforeseen circumstances along with marriages based on lies including cheating, money, and fame. These are the reasons the definition of marriage has weakened and lost its respect, not same sex marriages. Being denied these rights is to deny someone their civil rights. I believe it is a orm of minority discrimination. You would not discriminate against a persons freedom of speech or their freedom to learn because of their background or sexual orientation so why would you deny them the right to marry their partner? The definition of marriage to me is life partners with the person you want to be with forever not based on gender. Recognizing same sex marriage would benefit the economy in multiple ways. Thinking about how much people spend on weddings and receptions, more marriages would bring in more money to hotels, banquet centers and churches all over the United States. Traveling couples would bring in money to resorts in all areas of the world even if it is Just for the honeymoon. One trip for one new married couple per state could save one hotel or resort and that is Just a minimal number. The real estate community would increase also because newlyweds would purchase more housing together with combined income and the ability to afford more substantial homes. Gay marriage would also help out local communities in multiple ways. Same sex couples cannot naturally reproduce and adoption numbers would increase. According to a study done by UCLA school of Law and the Urban Institute, Same-sex ouples and homosexual singles applying for adoption tend to be older, better educated, and have more economic resources than their heterosexual counterparts (Wagner 7). This would help in many different areas including: fewer children in foster care and orphanages which means less government money being past to that direction, couples sending their adopted children to local schools which would increase local school funding, and these children growing up in loving families There are benefits to the same sex couple that come with marriage also. These include: Joint ownership of possessions shared between the couple, medical ecision-making in tough situations, insurance coverage for ones partner and most of all love is love we should be able to love who we want and marry them. So why can we not agree that this would be a great move for the United States to legalize gay marriage? The question is still being asked to many people. Slowly but surely we are getting closer to equal rights for everyone, but we still need to educate more people on the positives of gay marriage and focus less on the negative stereotypes. According to Lars Eighner, Some material things are white elephants that eat up the possessors substance (486). This is not a white elephant; it is personal right that everyone should be granted to. It can be done, but the only way is by coming together as a one and following our nations core rights: the right to be who we want, do what we want and most of all to live happy in a nation founded on freedom. Works Cited Eighner, Lars. On Dumpster Diving. 1993. 75 Readings Plus. Ed. Santi V. Buscemi and Charlotte Smith. 9th ed. New York: McGraw Hill, 2007. 476-86. Wagner, Cynthia G. Homosexuality and Family Formation. Futurist 44. 3 (2010): 6-7. American Search Premier. Ebsc. MCTC Lib. , 9 May 2010.

Macbeth Motifs free essay sample

Another prominent example of appearance vs. reality in Macbeth is the entire scene of Scene five in Act one when Lady Macbeth lures Duncan into her castle. During this scene Lady Macbeth behaves like an â€Å"innocent flower while being the serpent underneath† by accepting Duncan into her house happily, making him believe she was a loyal subject to him all-the-while plotting his death. The last example of appearance vs. reality in Macbeth is in Act four Scene three when Malcolm meets Macduff in England, he is initially wary of him. To test his integrity, Malcolm pretends to have very low moral values and pretends to be a womanizer, greedy, and dishonorable; yet it reality, Malcolm is just the opposite. In Act one Scene two of Macbeth, blood was the second motif presented. Blood is displayed everywhere in the play Macbeth beginning with the opening battle between Scotland and Norway when the â€Å"bloody† or bleeding captain arrives. We will write a custom essay sample on Macbeth Motifs or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Before Macbeth and Lady Macbeth commenced upon their murdering voyage, blood began to symbolize their guilt. At the end of Act two Scene one, Macbeth has a soliloquy as he â€Å"sees† a floating bloody dagger. One can also deduce that the â€Å"dagger† soliloquy is also a part of the motif appearances vs. reality: Macbeth might be seeing the dagger only as a result of the impending guilt and crime he was about to commit. As the play continues, blood comes to symbolize their guilt, and Macbeth begins to feel that their crimes have stained them in a way that cannot be washed clean. In Act two Scene two Macbeth cries after killing Duncan â€Å"Will all great Neptune’s ocean wash this blood / Clean from my hand? No; this my hand will rather/ the multitudinous seas incarnadine†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (II. ii, lines 58-61). Regardless of this guilt, Macbeth continues to murder numerous people resulting in the motif, blood, appearing again. In Act five Scene one, Lady Macbeth begins to experience suppressed guilt as well when she starts to sleep walk. While Lady Macbeth sleep walks she talks to herself and continuously rubs her hands in a washing motion in order to get rid of the blood only she can see. Similar to the â€Å"dagger† soliloquy, Lady Macbeth’s sleepwalking scene can also be considered a part of the motif appearances vs. reality since the blood she is trying to wash away isn’t there. In Act one Scene three of Macbeth, the motif darkness is the third motif presented. Throughout the entire play, with the exception of Act one Scene six, darkness was the main â€Å"setting†, providing the play with an ominous and eerie mood. One can deduce that this motif was also used to unsuccessfully shield the evil doings of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. Darkness is first introduced or inferred to when Macbeth states that the weather was horrible in Act one Scene three. Darkness is also presented in Act one Scene five when Lady Macbeth calls on darkness to shield all eyes to her wicked acts. In Act two Scene four, it is made apparent that Darkness has come along with other abnormalities after Duncan was killed when Ross says, â€Å"By Th’ clock ‘tis day/ and yet dark night strangles the traveling lamp: Isn’t night’s predominance, or the day’s shame/ That darkness does the face of the earth entomb/ When living light should kiss it? † (II. iv, lines 6-9). Although darkness was called by Lady Macbeth for protection, it eventually turns against her, making her afraid of the darkness. This can be deduced because of the constant candle she carries around while sleepwalking in Act five scene one. One can also deduce that in the final scene and act of the play, the darkness that has plagued Scotland disperses with the death of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. Throughout the Shakespearean tragedy Macbeth, motifs play a central role as a way to display important actions, scenes, and lines. The three motifs, appearances vs. reality, blood, and darkness, are the most prominent motifs since they add structure and entirety to the play. One can presume that the three motifs are essential to the characters and settings edifice. Works Cited Shakespeare, William, and Eugene M. Waith. The Tragedy of Macbeth;. New Haven: Yale UP, 1954. Print.

Concept of Race and Ethnicity in U.S. Immigration History

Concept of Race and Ethnicity in U.S. Immigration History Although the concept of race has a long history of conceptualization, its significance has become tangible during the last two centuries, with the rise of such issues as slavery, racial discrimination, and stereotypical thinking. Racial distinctions are initially premised on biological differences that specifically concern the physical appearance. However, these differences do not spread over other features, including genetic attributes.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Concept of Race and Ethnicity in U.S. Immigration History specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The biological distinction between races obviously exists, but it should not influence the equality in distributing human rights and freedoms. Perceiving race is a social construct does not create favorable grounds on defending humanitarian law. The history shows that the concept of race has always been accepted from a sociological perspective and, as a result, m any challenges occur to society composed of several races and ethnicities. The reference to the U.S. immigration history shows that people were bound to the concept of race while building social organization and treating people. Inappropriate treatment of African Americans refers back to the history of slavery, when African population was transferred to the United States and has long been considered inferior groups that should serve white population. Inferior attitude to black population has long been affecting the community and, therefore, the existing negative stereotypes and prejudices can be explained. Using race in a social environment could be regarded as a human invention for the prevailing group to take control of the minorities. Distorted perception of races led to the development of racist principles predetermined by cultural, individual, and intelligent perspectives. Racial distinctions are strongly associated with ethnicity groups because both phenomena refer to cultural perception and social beliefs. Similar to racial distinctions, ethnic groups adhere to a sense of community and cultural element, which shape the critical aspects of ethnicity. Due to the fact that the U.S. population consists of various ethnic communities, most of them will have to adjust to the dominating system of social and cultural beliefs. Such a tendency, however, is not encouraged among ethnic minorities that are afraid of losing their cultural identity. The emerged contradiction has created substantial grounds for blending ethnicity with race that led to the scientific bias as well. Nowadays the synthesis of two notions provides sociologists and anthropologists with the right to use the concept of ethnicity instead of race. The choice, however, produces more controversies to evaluating the nature of the identified terms due to their long history.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn M ore Considering ethnicity to be a type of race is relevant to the contemporary attitudes to minorities. Owing to the development of globalized trends in treating culture and society, these two definitions are rarely utilized in a negative meaning. Rather, the ethnic groups are now more respected and accepted in society because they create new perspectives for developing cultural heritage and encouraging individuals to restore their traditions, customs, and beliefs. Long history of U.S. immigration has had a potent impact on shifts in understanding such concepts as race and ethnicity. Transition from natural to negative perspective occurred during the period of enslavement, when African Americans were limited in their human rights. These isseus in racial discrimination of black population have turned into the fight for freedom and equality, which has led to a new perspective of understanding. Ethnicity is often associated with racism due to their restrictions imposed on the m inorities. Superior communities will always dominate the inferior ones, but recent trends in globalization provide better vision of a multi-cultural society.

Lean Transition Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Lean Transition - Case Study Example As the company transition to lean practices, their accounting system and performance measurement reports have become unreliable, inaccurate and inapplicable to the flow line value streams. The lean production environment led to problems in the current labor reporting, production efficiency and product costing methods. The management wanted to monitor the efficiency, productivity and profitability under the lean production practice. Yes, the management must change the product costing system of Aero Gear, Inc. in order to align the system with their lean production practice. An aligned management accounting system maximizes profit. An accounting system that fails to provide information that is timely or in a useful format will be rejected by users and will not be beneficial to the management. Identifying costs at the item level will lead to inaccuracies and will result to irrelevant information. The management should manage the product costing at the aggregate level. It would be preferred to use management financial statements instead of profit and loss statements. The information communicated by the new financial statements should allow readers to easily evaluate the results of changes in the lean business practice. The change from cost accounting to cost management is inevitable. Attaching direct labor and setup costs to the finished product also creates trouble with the product costing system under lean manufacturing. The old product costing system utilizes direct labor measure as the overhead rate denominator, which is applicable only if the manufacturing capacity is proportionate to direct labor consumption. Also, elimination of all waste is the objective of lean manufacturing. Since lean practices would lead to a lower inventory level, it would create a negative effect on the reported gross and net profit in the profit and loss statement because inventory is recognized as an asset. Should they hold off making a change despite their dissatisfaction with the current system and continue to look for a better product costing method Holding off change would only create more inaccuracy in product costing, performance measurement and cost management. The company can employ two or more product costing while evaluating their effectiveness. Lean business practice embraces the concept of continuous improvement. In order to initiate improvement, the company must first adopt a system and then find ways to improve it, if not replace it. Were there any additional measures they could collect and use to measure flow line performance The central focus of lean manufacturing is to eliminate wastes. Measures of wastes like scraps, defects and machine-downtime and its impact on the line performance would benefit management decisions. A recommended method of reporting is through a cash flow analysis where it will effectively track the positive aspect of liquidating inventories. Cycle time can be integrated in the analysis. Additional metrics such as tracking the improvements in direct and indirect labor on a weekly or monthly basis would also be helpful. Was it fair to

White-tailed Deer Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

White-tailed Deer - Research Paper Example It has a brownish gray body with white hairs on the under side of the tail. During summer its color is reddish brown. Today the white tailed deer population is 18 million (pp. 5-11). They are found in deserts, swarms, farmlands, prairies. They mostly prefer living in open lands near the rivers and streams. As described in Zwaschka (1999), an adult male deer grows 41 inches tall and weigh about 160 pounds.(72 kgs) Female deer (doe) is smaller in size and they weigh 40-90 kgs on an average. The weight of white tailed deer varies from region to region. They live up to 10-20 years. It is herbivore and its feeding hours are in the early morning and late after noon. Its diet changes depending on the habitat and the season (pp. 4-10). It is a shy and cautious animal. They are good runners, leapers and swimmers. In alarming situations they flag their tails and run. The bucks alone have antlers that grow annually and fall off in the winter. Female deer gives birth to one to three young ones a t a time, usually in the May or June. Their gestation period is 7 months. They are nocturnal and crepuscular animals. They are preyed up on by bobcats, coyotes and mountain lions. The scientific classification of white tailed deer; Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Artiodactyla Family: Cervidae Subfamily: Capreolinae Genus: Odocoileus Species: O. virginianus (Source: Squam Lakes Natural Science Center). Life Cycle The breeding season or rut extends from October to January though the majority occurs in October- November. Both bucks and does are seen active and they get out of their nocturnal habits during the breeding season. Patent (2004) describes the life cycle of white deer; the bucks rub their well developed antlers against big trees to mark their territories. These signs are called rubs. Bucks often fight with each other using antlers but fatal injuries are rare. During winter they shed off their antlers. But, antlers grow very fast, and those which grow will be stronger than the previous ones. (pp. 5-11). Antlers get their nourishment from a highly vascularized membrane called velvet which dries off which is rubbed against trees and shrubs. Fully grown antlers mark the breeding season for the bucks. Fawns are born after a 200 day gestation period. Two to three fawns are born in one litter. For the first few weeks the doe hides the fawns by themselves. The fawns have a spotted coat for the first 3-4 months but it is lost when the first winter comes. As described in National Geography website, when the mother goes in search of food the fawns lay flat on the ground quietly among the grass. They are scent free for few weeks to safe guard themselves from predators. Deer reproduces quickly and can over populate the area. To keep check on their numbers natural predators like bobcats and coyotes play a significant role (National Geography). Structure and function The organ system of the white tailed deer is same as that of any mammal. But its digestive system requires special mention. The front of the upper jaw bone does not have any teeth like other mammals. Teeth are replaced with a resilient pad which is in contact with the lower incisors. As Deal (2010) illustrates, they have 32 teeth. 8 incisors, 12 pre molars and 12 molars. They have a four chambered stomach. This ruminant stomach enables the deer to collect large quantity of food at a time, chew and digest it later. The deer pushes its food with its tongue to the back of the mouth where it is chewed. It is chewed just enough to swallow (p. 139). Then it is passed to the gullet of the stomach. The stomach is compartmentalized to four sections. They are the rumen, reticulum,

he Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian by Sherman Alexie Essay Example for Free

he Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian by Sherman Alexie Essay Identity shows a person’s individuality. A person’s individuality can include how they dress, their beliefs, their personality traits, the way they speak, their culture, their education, etc. In The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian by Sherman Alexie and in my own life, it is evident that when exploring identity, a character must leave and return to his/her roots before truly understanding him/herself. Arnold finds out who he is by leaving and later coming back to Rowdy. In the last scene, before Arnold and Rowdy played their one-on-one basketball game, Arnold and Rowdy repair their lost friendship. It is then that Arnold thinks, â€Å"I would always love Rowdy. And I would always miss him too. † (230) This quote shows how Arnold realizes that he is different from Rowdy. To begin, he has always valued his friendship with Rowdy and so he says that he â€Å"would always love Rowdy. † Even when Arnold had a disagreement with Rowdy when heading to Reardan for a better education, he still thought of how Rowdy would defend him. However, by the end of the book, Arnold realizes that he will have to â€Å"miss† Rowdy because their dreams make them too different from each other. Therefore, Arnold discovers that his life can still include Rowdy, who has been his friend since the beginning, however, he cannot rely on Rowdy to be with him always. By the end of the book, Arnold has returned to Rowdy as a stronger and independent person. Similarly, I found my true identity after leaving and returning to my family. Growing up, I came from a home that was traditionally Chinese. We did not easily express our emotions, we were not allowed to date until after college, and being successful at school would ultimately bring honor to my family. Though these beliefs were deeply ingrained in everything I did, a rebellious side of me wanted to discover what it meant to be American as well. Why were the other families so expressive and communicative towards each other? What mattered beyond grades and doing well in school? These questions led me to leave my family and head to college eight hours away. There, I met many people who did not come from Chinese families. I noticed that some students were not as disciplined at school because their families did not stress education or some students were a little overly expressive with their feelings, which caused drama among their peers. I began to miss my house where my parents had instilled values towards having a good education and protecting our family’s privacy. When returning home, I was thankful for understanding my parent’s values and their intentions for my future. Arnold truly finds himself when he has accepted his origins and absorbed them into his perspective of himself. His reunion with Rowdy and the reservation show how he came full circle in finding himself. Even though Arnold wanted to both physically and emotionally remove himself from the reservation in order to pursue his dreams, he ultimately realizes that it is only when he acknowledges his heritage that he can move forward into adulthood.

Influenzas Impacts on Manchesters Society :: Journalism Media Studies Health Essays

Influenza's Impacts on Manchester's Society Society Shaken Like countless cities across the globe, Manchester, England has had a difficult time adjusting to the impact of influenza. Countless residents are ill. Numerous schools have been closed. A recent decree has banned children under the age of 13 from "picture-houses and all places licensed for amusement." Now, public discussion has begun which could impede upon personal liberties in defense of the public health. A proposed Health Ministry would have the power to compel individuals to medical examinations and quarantines. One proponent within the Ministry of National Service has argued that such powers would mean that "not only influenza, but consumption, venereal disease, and many other of our most deadly plagues could be banished form the land in a few decades." Still, others wonder if such powers could actually be effective enough to warrant the invasion of privacy which they require. "It ain't the government's job to go looking down your throat and up your knickers" complained Manchester native Ms. Winston. Within the judicial system, the strain of influenza has required the easing of some legal precedent. In one example, a recently arrested lady doctor was quickly released from custody per the instruction of the Lord Mayor so that she may aid in the fight against the influenza. This leniency is understandable given the great toll which the extremely contagious disease has had upon health care workers. Recent reports indicate that within Manchester, over 300 nurses are infected, 10 have died, and one half of the ambulance staff is infected with influenza. Gravediggers, too, have been overburdened by the epidemic. The government has recently required that the City Engineer's department lend workers to aid with the required grave digging. Advertisement Epidemic? While the doctors and nurses of Manchester battle vigorously and daily against the influenza outbreak, another struggle rages on within the local papers. Advertising firms have seized upon a boom in local sales of influenza-related products. Companies are capitalizing on the public's increased interest in news reports in order to promote various, competing preventions and remedies for the disease. "'Tis only natural," reports Mr. Robert Thompson, maker of one product claiming to aid in the fight against influenza, "that we provide the people with the critical information of how one might best guard himself or herself against the Influenza. And, it so happens that my Thompson's Pure Phenol is irrefutably the best qualified product to do so. Influenza's Impacts on Manchester's Society :: Journalism Media Studies Health Essays Influenza's Impacts on Manchester's Society Society Shaken Like countless cities across the globe, Manchester, England has had a difficult time adjusting to the impact of influenza. Countless residents are ill. Numerous schools have been closed. A recent decree has banned children under the age of 13 from "picture-houses and all places licensed for amusement." Now, public discussion has begun which could impede upon personal liberties in defense of the public health. A proposed Health Ministry would have the power to compel individuals to medical examinations and quarantines. One proponent within the Ministry of National Service has argued that such powers would mean that "not only influenza, but consumption, venereal disease, and many other of our most deadly plagues could be banished form the land in a few decades." Still, others wonder if such powers could actually be effective enough to warrant the invasion of privacy which they require. "It ain't the government's job to go looking down your throat and up your knickers" complained Manchester native Ms. Winston. Within the judicial system, the strain of influenza has required the easing of some legal precedent. In one example, a recently arrested lady doctor was quickly released from custody per the instruction of the Lord Mayor so that she may aid in the fight against the influenza. This leniency is understandable given the great toll which the extremely contagious disease has had upon health care workers. Recent reports indicate that within Manchester, over 300 nurses are infected, 10 have died, and one half of the ambulance staff is infected with influenza. Gravediggers, too, have been overburdened by the epidemic. The government has recently required that the City Engineer's department lend workers to aid with the required grave digging. Advertisement Epidemic? While the doctors and nurses of Manchester battle vigorously and daily against the influenza outbreak, another struggle rages on within the local papers. Advertising firms have seized upon a boom in local sales of influenza-related products. Companies are capitalizing on the public's increased interest in news reports in order to promote various, competing preventions and remedies for the disease. "'Tis only natural," reports Mr. Robert Thompson, maker of one product claiming to aid in the fight against influenza, "that we provide the people with the critical information of how one might best guard himself or herself against the Influenza. And, it so happens that my Thompson's Pure Phenol is irrefutably the best qualified product to do so.

Thesis Paper on Hate Speech

IntroductionThesis Statement: Should hate speech be censored? Yes hate speech should be censored for numerous of reasons due toff the effects it will bring to our society.Expanded Thesis Statement: Yet people might believe that hate speech should be allowed due to belief of freedom of speech, hate speech weather it’s allowed or not still does not make it right.It does not make it right because it most likely leads to bigger issues such as riots, physical abuse, and conflicts. I believe people are allowed to speak their mind and do have freedom of speech but to a certain point.Background: Four Teenagers were arrested in December of 2006 for insulting North Koreans. The hate speech was toward their nationality which ended up as a major conflict.ArgumentsArgument One: Hate speech leads to conflicts, riots, and disagreements in societyIt hurts individual groups, such as people religion, background, beliefs and more.Leads to moral damage. Also damages social structure in societyEve n things such as computer games or internet communication with friends can lead to international conflict and cyber bullyingArgument Two: Hate speech leads to violent crimesIf the number of hate crimes are decreased, we improve the welfare of societyBecause of hate speech society becomes more violent and leads to violent crimesTo avoid conflict, hate speech should not be allowed when it comedown down to certain things such as racism, religion, and cultureArgument Three: Hate speech through the Internet also known as cyber bullying causes many incidents of teenage suicidesAllow people might say censoring the internet for ate speech is nearly impossible due to freedom of speech it should still be overlooked because of its causes and efforts to the people around usMore and more suicides are becoming a major issue in our nation because of hate speech and violenceIt affects people’s lives regardless and should be taken notice weather it’s censored or not, it should not be a llowed to a certain point.ConclusionAlthough people believe of freedom of speech and speaking there mind, Hate speech should be censored due to a certain pointHate speech as many negative affect when it comes to our society and causes many incidents such as violent acts and just hatred. Such actions should be overlooked and taken into more consideration and importance

How to Conjugate French Regular -ER Verbs

There are five main kinds of verbs in French: regular -ER, -IR, -RE; stem-changing; and irregular. Once youve learned the rules of conjugation for each of the first three kinds of verbs, you should have no problem conjugating regular verbs in each of those categories. The majority of French verbs are regular -ER verbs. French Regular -ER Verb Conjugations The verb form that ends in -ER is called the infinitive, and -ER is the infinitive ending. The verb with the infinitive ending removed is called the stem or radical. To conjugate -ER verbs, remove the infinitive ending to find the stem and add the endings. The table lists the present tense conjugations for the regular -ER verbs parler (to speak or talk), donner (to give), and visiter (to visit). To help with learning, the infinitive form is listed (such as  parler) followed by the stem (such as  parl-). Pronoun Ending parler parl- donner donn- visiter visit- je -e parle donne visite tu -es parles donnes visites il -e parle donne visite nous -ons parlons donnons visitons vous -ez parlez donnez visitez ils -ent parlent donnent visitent Regular -ER verbs share conjugation patterns in all tenses and moods. More -ER Verb  Conjugations: Penser The rules for conjugating regular -ER verbs remain the same throughout all tenses and moods: Thats why they the are called regular -ER verbs. For your studies, it can be helpful, however, to view all the conjugations for all tenses of moods of a regular -ER verb, such as  penser  (to think). Remember that to conjugate this regular -ER verb, simply take the stem -pense  and then add the appropriate endings. Pronoun Present Future Imperfect je pense penserai pensais tu penses penseras pensais il pense pensera pensait nous pensons penserons pensions vous pensez penserez pensiez ils pensent penseront pensaient Pronoun Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je pense penserais pensai pensasse tu penses penserais pensas pensasses il pense penserait pensa penst nous pensions penserions pensmes pensassions vous pensiez penseriez penstes pensassiez ils pensent penseraient pensrent pensassent Pronoun Imperative tu pense nous pensons vous pensez Some Common French Regular -ER Verbs Take some time to familiarize yourself with the most common regular -ER verbs, because youre likely to encounter these words often when reading or speaking French. They all share the same conjugation patterns, with a few exceptions noted below. aimer   to like, to lovearriver   to arrive, to happenchanter     to singchercher   to look forcommencer   to begindanser   to dancedemander   to ask fordà ©penser     to spend (money)dà ©tester   to hatedonner   to giveà ©couter   to listen toà ©tudier      to studyfermer   to closegoà »ter     to tastejouer   to playlaver   to washmanger     to eatnager   to swimparler   to talk, to speakpasser   to pass, spend (time)porter   to wear, to carryrà ªver   to dreamsembler   to seemskier   to skitravailler   to worktrouver   to findvoler   to fly, to steal A Few Exceptions All regular -ER verbs are conjugated according to the  regular -ER verb conjugation pattern, except for one small  irregularity in verbs  that end in  -ger  and  -cer,  which are known as  spelling-change verbs. Examples of this kind of conjugation would be commencer  (to begin), manger (to eat),  nager  (to swim), and  skier (to ski). Though they are conjugated just like regular -ER verbs, watch out for verbs that end in  -IER, such as  Ãƒ ©tudier  (to study).